Monday, May 30, 2016

Researcher Interview: Dr. Donna M. L. Heretick

1.     Please briefly describe your current research.
As both a social psychologist and a clinical psychologist, I enjoy several areas of research.  My current project explores relationships between political affiliation and trust in sources of information for health care. Other recent work has looked at topics such as the effectiveness of juvenile mental health courts, workplace incivility/bullying, and other areas of social/relational aggression. 

2.  How did you come to be in this area of study?  
My most recent project regarding political affiliation and trust in source of health care information arose from my curiosity, and then review of the literature, related to how public response to national healthcare needs or other health initiatives (such as responding to the Zika virus, use of vaccines, recommendations for tests, such as mammograms) may be frustrated by political distrust.

In terms of background, in 2003, Americans considered the government a highly trusted source of health information. Federally-based/-funded entities, such as the Office of the Surgeon General, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as state-level public health agencies, often are the front line in addressing major public health crises and/or leading the way for other public health research, policies, and resources.

However, major shifts in health care policies (for example, the Affordable Care Act) have prompted political polarization of Americans’ attitudes. While party affiliation (PA) predicts individuals’ attitudes towards health care reform, no previous research has examined PA and individuals’ trust in governmental sources of health information within the current climate.

Motivated social cognition theories would predict approach/avoidance of information in accordance with needs and interests, including political affiliation. Resistance to or avoidance of health care information, as well as policies, from governmental sources could have dangerous implications for dealing with public healthcare within our social system.  Thus, understanding relationships between PA and trust in sources of health information would appear of high importance at this time.  My results will be presented in August at the 2016 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association.

My research often is in response to current needs and events.  For example, my research on juvenile mental health courts grew out of being asked to serve as a consultant to do a program evaluation for a juvenile mental health court.  I also did similar consultation to explore the integration of lay family advocates into county- and state-level policy-making boards (which were comprised of professionals).  Prior to that, I was very curious about the impact of the 2007 financial crisis on clinical populations. My research on aggression goes back to the early 2000s when I was asked by a healthcare system to head up a community initiative to address youth aggression. As part of that project, I became a research associate with Bowling Green State University and did research, as well as program development and evaluation, with a team of faculty and graduate students which focused on youth aggression.  Our work targeted bullying within schools.  After leaving Ohio, I transferred my interest in bullying among children to bullying among adults, such as in the workplace.  I have listed some sample publications at the end of this interview if you are interested. 

3.     What do like best about doing research?
For me, it is like finding a puzzle and the challenge to try to solve the puzzle.  In addition to the intellectual thrill, I really enjoy working on problems that have social and/or clinical significance and possible real world applications. I enjoy all phases and LOVE to get data in my hand to begin to see what I found.

4. What do you dislike the most about doing research?

One thing that continues to be more and more of a frustration for my survey research is being able to achieve desirable response rates.   Without adequate response rates, the results of a study may be questioned due to possibly biased sampling, that is, ending up with a nonrepresentative sample of the population you are trying to study.  In fact, this problem led me to look for recent, publicly available archival data for my research on political affiliation and trust in sources of healthcare information.  I found one!

Writing up results and submitting for publication can be a very frustrating process. In addition to trying to boil down a lot of information to about 20-25 pages (double spaced) in the manuscript, other frustrators may, at times, be the turnaround time to receive any feedback on a submission; this may be at least 6 months for some of the higher tier peer-reviewed journals.  Also, just as dissertation students find critical feedback to be deflating, journal reviewers may, at times, seem unnecessarily nit-picky and “dense” (Didn’t s/he read what I had?) or dismissive.  However, even if not accepted, reviews from competent reviewers actually can offer astute feedback to help me with revisions in my write-up or ideas for ways to redo the study to address some of the limitations that were noted. We all pray that if the manuscript isn’t accepted outright, at least they will give us a chance at a rewrite, incorporating the feedback from the reviewers.

5. Advice for new researchers who would like to be published?

In terms of publishing in professional journals, take advantage of publications and online sites that give attention to this. 

Here are some recommendations from the American Psychological Association:
How to Publish Your Journal Paper. http://apa.org/monitor/sep02/publish.aspx

Here are some guidelines from Sage Publications:    

If you have a journal in mind, carefully follow the instructions that are provided (either in the journal or on the journal’s website) for prospective authors regarding the focus of the journal, types of articles the journal accepts, format rules, etc., etc. 
Here is a website with links to web sites which provide instructions to authors for over 6,000 journals in the health and life sciences: http://mulford.utoledo.edu/instr/

Remember, it is our job to match the publication’s expectations, not the other way around J

Sample publications since 2004
Heretick, D. M. L., Russell, J. A. (2013). The impact of juvenile mental health court on recidivism among youth. Journal of Juvenile Justice, 3(1), 1-15. http://www.journalofjuvjustice.org/JOJJ0301/epub.htm
Heretick, D. M. L. (2013).  Clinicians’ reports of the impact of the 2008 financial crisis on mental health clients. Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences, 7(1). http:// www. publishing.waldenu.edu/jsbhs/vol7/iss1/
Heretick, D. (2011, Oct. 19).  Recognizing and confronting workplace bullying. APA Psychologically Healthy Workplace Program Good Company Newsletter. http://www.phwa.org/resources/goodcompany/newsletter/
Boxer, P., Musher-Eizenman, D., Dubow, E.F., Danner, S., & Heretick, D.M.L. (2006). Assessing teachers' perceptions for school-based aggression prevention programs: Applying a cognitive-ecological framework. Psychology in the Schools, 43(3), 331-344.
Boxer, P., Goldstein, S.E., Musher-Eizenman, D., Dubow, E.F., & Heretick, D.M.L. (2005). Developmental issues in school-based aggression Prevention from a social-cognitive perspective. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 26(5), 383-400.

Musher-Eizenman, D., Boxer, P., Danner, S., Dubow, E.F., Goldstein, S.E., & Heretick, D.M.L. (2004). Social-cognitive mediators of the relation of environmental and emotion regulation factors to children’s aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 30, 389-408.

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